Information on the H1N1 (“Swine Flu”) Virus
There has been much hysteria in the media and the local school systems about the new H1N1 or swine flu virus. Tenafly Pediatrics would like to share the information provided by the Centers for Disease Control on May 28th, 2009.
Influenza in any given season comes in three different varieties: Influenza A H3N2, Influenza A H1N1, and Influenza B. The H3N2 virus tends be more serious and causes higher hospitalization and death rates, while the seasonal H1N1 virus tends to affect people under 25 more frequently, but causes less severe disease. The swine H1N1 flu appears to be mimicking the seasonal variety, as 62% of those patients identified so far have been under 25, and the vast majority of those who have been sick have been only mildly ill.
In general, the chances of contracting the virus is only about 7-10% in any given community. Even if someone in the household has the virus, the risk for other members of that household of contracting the virus is only about 20%. The relatively few deaths that have occurred have generally involved patients who had an underlying medical condition that made them more susceptible to severe influenza, and the overall death rate is around 0.15%.
The basic meaning of all of this information is that right now, the swine H1N1 flu seems to be no more dangerous (and has fewer symptoms) than the flu that circulates every winter. In children, signs that need urgent medical attention include:
- fast breathing or trouble breathing
- bluish or gray skin color
- not drinking enough fluids
- severe, persistent vomiting
- not waking up or not interacting
- being so irritable that the child doesn't want to be held
- flu-like symptoms which improve, but then return later with a fever and a worse cough. Any child with high fever should be seen.
If these symptoms are not present, the child should improve spontaneously after a few days of fever and discomfort. For children over five who do not have any underlying medical problems, treatment with lots of fluids and fever reducers should be sufficient. For younger children or children with significant chronic medical conditions such as moderate to severe asthma, diabetes, seizure disorders, etc. consultation with your pediatrician is warranted if they develop flu-like symptoms.
We hope this information helps you to understand the current situation and to help separate fact from fiction.
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